Tapping Therapies
Hearing that my friends in the United Kingdom at www.thoughtfieldtherapy.co.uk were about to have a conference on Thought Field Therapy (TFT) was all the encouragement that I needed to write a few more words about TFT and some of the other tapping therapies. I made mention of two of them in a blog entry for February 28th 2006, and I have dedicated several sections to it in my book and CD series Healing Meaning and Purpose.
TFT was the creation of the psychologist Roger Callahan, who discovered that stimulating a number of acupuncture points while connecting with an negative emotion, thought, impulse or memory, could initiate a cascade of healthy neurological, chemical, emotional, cognitive and even physical effects. There is an interesting sidebar here. When I first came across his work, it seemed absurd. It looked like a collection of unproven techniques cobbled together into some sort of system. I worry about sick people being treated by ineffective therapies, so I was determined to debunk TFT. I was a little taken aback when I sent for some of the Callahan materials and saw a smoker permanently cured in about five minutes. Undeterred, I flew to California to expose what I thought might be another scam. Within two days, I discovered that it was no scam. Roger has indeed made an extraordinarily important discovery that supports the notion that the laws of healing are changing. As a simple example, I used one of Roger’s simplest treatments on inveterate smokers. The first 11 whom I treated all stopped smoking, and when I followed up almost one year later they still were not smoking. This could have been beginner’s luck or a placebo effect, but both are unlikely. We know a great deal about the duration of the effectiveness of placebos.
TFT is based on the concept that thought is a form of energy, structured by a field and that psychological problems are manifestations of distortions within “thought fields,” which Roger defines as “a complex of forces that serve as causative agents in human behavior.” He conceptualizes psychological problems as the consequence of “perturbations” in the thought field. These perturbations contain the information that triggers negative emotions, and they also have relationships with specific major acupuncture points on the body. Fixing these perturbations involves tapping specific points in a specific order, while doing a series of other small tasks.
An important aspect of TFT is the concept of psychological reversal. Roger calls this the energetic blockade of natural healing, caused by reversals in the flow of Qi through the acupuncture channels. It now seems that much of what has been described as therapeutic resistance, self-sabotage or lack of willpower is a result of psychological reversal. He has devised some deceptively simple treatments that have shown us that people’s difficulties were often not a matter of a lack of willpower at all, but were the result of reversed energy. Deal with that, and many problems can melt away.
Like Roger Callahan, I emphasize the importance of toxins, of extending our concept of them, so that we conceptualize them as units of rogue information. In recent years Roger has done pioneering work into how to track down and deal with them.
Not everyone will be helped with any single form of treatment, and even with the best therapists, TFT is not for everyone. However, when someone says that he or she has not been helped with TFT, it most often for one of these seven reasons:
1. The treatment has not been done quite correctly.
2. The problem has been only partially treated.
3. Psychological reversal has not been dealt with.
4. There are still some toxins lurking around.
5. There is more than one problem, and they haven’t both been treated. (Somebody who said that he felt silly doing TFT needed to treat that fear of appearing foolish and then getting on with the primary problem.)
6. The problem may need the help of someone trained in TFT.
7. The person may have needed a combination of therapies.
TFT is the original tapping therapy, but others have now sprung up, including Emotional Freedom Techniques, and I have just read a new book called the Tapping Cure that claims that tapping an array of points on the surface of the body, while at the same time doing a specific affirmation, can be just as effective.
I have tried all these techniques, with varying degrees of success. Not just for clinical problems, but also for sports and other types of performance. While I was recording the CD series Healing, Meaning and Purpose, I several times found places where I fluffed my lines. On each occasion, the problem was resolved by tapping the border of my hand, because I was developing psychological reversal.
Unfortunately, proponents of each of these – and there are others – tend to be competitive with proponents of other techniques. And some enthusiasts have made some pretty incredible claims about what they claim to be able to cure. The competing claims really need to be resolved through empirical research.
Until we have that, I strongly suggest exploring the tapping techniques as adjuncts to other forms of therapy.
Technorat tags: Alternative medicine Complementary medicine Integrated medicine Thought Field Therapy Emotional Freedom Techniques Qi Subtle Energy Biofield
A New Atlas Promises a Breakthrough in some Brain Disorders
The very first attempts to take pictures of the living brain go back to the 1930s, but it is only in the last 20 years that MRI, SPECT and PET studies of the brain have really moved the field forward. After thousands upon thousands of imaging studies, we are beginning to approach the time when we can start harvesting the data collected over these years.
We are on the cusp of an extraordinary advance in our understanding of the brain and how it can go wrong in a large number of neurological and psychiatric illnesses. But that is only a side show: being able to identify the neurological correspondences of, say a psychiatric illness, does not mean that we reduce the illness to the firing of a group of neurons. But it does mean that we are gong to be much closer to providing suitable treatment for the neurological component aspect of the illness.
There has been a dramatic demonstration of this with the publication of a new brain map of people living with a rare but important illness called William’s syndrome.
One of the biggest puzzles for those of us who look at brain scans, is why there is so much variability in the structure of the brain. In the rest of the body, veins and arteries can turn up all over the place, but nerves tend to be in pretty much the same position in everybody. This is not the case in the brain. I’ve looked at many thousands of MRI scans of the brain, and I’ve never found any two alike. It’s one of the reasons that I’m a little doubtful about some of the claims of imagers who say that they can diagnose someone by looking at a brain scan. Most of the time there’s just too much normal variation.
All over the world, there have practitioners who have claimed to derive all sorts of information from brain images. Most experts remain a bit skeptical: hundreds of experts and hundreds of millions of dollars have only enabled us to speak in generalities. Some private practitioners even perform scans for diagnosis.
Some time ago I met a psychiatrist who had an unusual theory about the causes of mental illness. He wanted us to do two MRI scans on a patient to prove his theory. When I told him that we were not yet able to do that in individuals, he was indignant, “But you’ve published all those studies showing abnormal brain structure in schizophrenia.” I explained that all the brain imaging studies have told us quite a lot about groups of people with mental illness, but little about individuals. I do not know of any academic psychiatrists anywhere in the world who think that we can yet use PET, SPECT, fMRI or MRI scans for diagnosis of mental illness. Maybe we’re just being a bit slow. Or perhaps the brain scan diagnosers haven’t got all the pieces of the puzzle just yet. Research is expensive and takes a great deal of time. Busy clinicians are eager to exploit new investigative tools for the benefit of their patients, and usually do not publish their results in peer reviewed journals. With this new research we are going to be able to see if these individual practitioners are correct.
Not only are there many inter-individual differences, but also the current state of the person can have a big impact on some types of imaging. I was recently asked to review a paper for a scientific journal in which the authors had enthusiastically explained the way in which they could now diagnose a certain illness by doing a brain scan. Sad to say, they had not asked a couple of basic questions, like the person’s mood when they were scanned. Depression reduces the flow of blood in regions of the brain, the patients turned out to be depressed, and the results were invalidated. It was a real shame, but it is so important that patients don’t get misled by investigations that cannot help them.
So the moral of the story is this. If someone wants to do any kind of investigation for diagnostic purposes, ask them first whether there is any published evidence that the test actually works: what are the sensitivity and specificity of the findings generated by the test? And who else is doing it?
“If the brain were so simple we could understand it, we would be so simple we couldn’t.”
–Lyall Watson (South African Biologist and Writer, 1939-)
Technorati tags: brain structure williams syndrome bipolar disorder PET scan
Dolphins Have Names
It seems that not a day goes by without new research breaking down the barriers between humans and many of the other species that share our planet. I have reported on the burgeoning research into emotional expression in animals. No surprise to anyone who spends much time interacting with them, but a shock to some of my more conservative colleagues. Within the last ten years I have spoken to countless psychologists clinging to the notion that animals are just bundles of reflexes designed to protect them and allow them to reproduce.
The evidence for complex communication patterns in dolphin has long fascinated me. This was triggered in part by the work of the late John Lilly. One of my mentors in neurology was firmly of the opinion that it was impossible because they did not have the right neurological machinery. It seems that he was wrong. There is an extraordinary new report picked up by the BBC and the National Geographic from a team of scientists based at St Andrews University in Scotland: the same place that Prince William attended for four years. In a three-year-study of wild dolphins, conducted in Sarasota Bay off Florida’s west coast and funded by the Royal Society of London, they found that dolphins communicate like humans by calling each other by "name.” Using whistles, these mammals are able to recognize themselves and other members of the same species as individuals with separate identities. They have labels for each other just as we do.
This is important not just because of the implication that they have evolved some of the same abilities that we have, but because it likely means that they have a sense of self and of identity and that they able to differentiate each other as individuals.
I was talking about these findings with She Who Must Be Obeyed, and she pointed out that our horses appear to be able to do the same thing: if you watch them closely they have different calls for attracting each other’s attention, and these calls are different when they are at home or when they are in competition. Two of the horses are constantly going to competitions together, and after they have done well, they have a new repertoire of sounds with which they communicate with each other, and yet others with which they communicate with other horses. For people not used to being around these animals, they always assume that we are simply anthropomorphizing. But I don’t think so: it really seems that they call to each other in a precise and predictable way after they have done their jobs well. We have often said that they are bragging: perhaps we’re not so far from the truth.
Technorati tags: dolphins communication horse communication self
Cognition and Lingerie
Well, these two may seem to be strange ahem, bed fellows, but recent research suggests an intriguing link. This item seemed so odd, that I’m going to name names. Carol Kirshner – web mistress and researcher – is the only person in the world who could possibly have exposed me to this piece of research. The whole thing so shocked me that it has taken me until now to be able to report to you, gentle reader.
Carol found this blog item which had the wonderful title “Lingerie sharpens the financial mind.” It followed a report by the BBC , which sported a less racy title. Sad to say, some of the news reports got it wrong. You can read the abstract of the paper, and there’s a nice analysis of the paper by Dr. Petra Boynton.
The study did not actually say that men can’t function if they catch a glimpse of a scantily clad female. It was more subtle than that, and as Dr. Boynton points out, there are many reasons for being cautious about the findings. In actual fact the data seem to indicate that a glimpse of one of the lingerie pictures actually enhanced the men’s rational decision making.
Now there’s a thought….
Technorati tags:cognition distraction lingerie gender differences
Multiple Selves
There is a most interesting report from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. This study relates back to some of my previous posts about meditation and hyperfocus. I think that we’ve all had the experience of losing ourselves in any activity: playing a game, watching a movie, sex or an enthralling novel. The researchers showed that during intense sensory tasks, the introspective self-related functions of the brain shut down. The experimental subjects were asked to look at pictures or listen to music. For sensory processing, the subjects were asked to answer yes/no questions about the items. To study introspection, the subjects were asked to indicate whether emotionally they felt strongly or neutrally about the image or musical passage. While they were doing all this, their brains were being scanned using functional MRI (fMRI).
As expected, regions of the brain activated during sensory processing or self-reflective introspection were quite distinct and segregated. Sensory processing activated the sensory cortex and related structures, while introspection activated the prefrontal cortex. But the important finding was that activity in the self-related prefrontal cortex was damped down during intense sensory processing. What this seems to indicate, is that the self-related cortex isn’t involved in the awareness of perceptions, but is involved in allowing us to reflect upon perceptions, to judge their importance to us, and to allow us to report our experiences to the outside world.
I have a quibble with something that they say at the end of the paper: “Thus, the term “losing yourself” receives here a clear neuronal correlate. This theme has a tantalizing echoing in Eastern philosophies such as Zen teachings, which emphasize the need to enter into a “mindless,” selfless mental state to achieve a true sense of reality.”
As interesting as the study is, I think that these comments betray a rather one-dimensional view of the “self.” There are clearly many aspects to the “self:”
- Physical
- Sensory
- Psychological: the Conscious, Preconscious and Unconscious Selves
- Relational: (Have a look back at my post form March 15th
- Subtle
- Spiritual
My 35-year experience and understanding of the Eastern traditions is not of simply switching off one or other of these “selves,” but of bringing full mindful attention to everything that is going on. I just came across a brief piece by Professor Charles Tart , in which he is saying something very similar, and points out, with characteristic wit, that the Eastern mindfulness teachings don’t require us to enter into a “mindless” state to find reality. After all, if you are belabored about the head and shoulders with a stout cudgel, that should also achieve that aim!
So we return to a theme on which I’ve been expounding for some time now: these studies are fascinating and interesting, but they only deal with one part of the human experience. Let me refer you back to Ken Wilber for his important views on this issue, and the long section in Healing, Meaning and Purpose, that discusses this in considerable detail. The neurological findings represent correspondences and not causes.
Another blogger, Neurocritic, picked up an amusing error in a report of this study in New Scientist . Well spotted!
Technorati tags: Charles Tart, losing yourself, One Taste, Ken Wilber
More on the Multi-tasking Mess
I have written about the problems inherent in multi-tasking in a previous post on March 27th. But three things have prompted me to revisit the issue:
1. I had a very kind note from Professor David Meyer from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, whose work I praised in my previous post.
2. After the articles in Time and Newsweek magazines, there was a flurry of correspondence from young people saying that we should rejoice in their newly acquired abilities to multi-task. Some seemed to be suggesting that they were in the vanguard of a general and very positive cognitive restructuring in the younger generation. Though it is possible, what they all seemed to be missing was the full import of David Meyer’s work on the increasing numbers of mistakes that creep in as we multi-task, or Linda Stone’s important point about the downsides of continuous partial attention. At the risk of sounding like a reactionary, as I read some of the comments, and as I reflected on the manifest differences in the working styles of students, I kept wondering if some people no longer even realize the poor quality of the work that they are turning in.
3. I have mentioned before that data collected in Europe about the dangers of using cell phones while driving, has lead several countries to enact new laws to restrict cell phones use in cars. CNN has picked up on a report from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. They confirm what any experienced driver knows already: driving takes concentration and vigilance, and chatting on a cell phone, eating, drinking and applying makeup is not likely to be compatible with safe driving. Since moving to Atlanta, I have seen some extraordinary examples of drivers doing just about everything apart from concentrating on driving. The most extraordinary was seeing someone reading a newspaper while doing well over fifty miles an hour. And yes, I’ve also seen more accidents in Atlanta than I have in all my previous years of driving.
So I was thinking: if I could be King for a day, I think that the first thing that I’d do is ban cell-phones in cars except for emergencies. And then we’d stop having cup holders in cars. So it’s probably a good thing that we’ve stopped having Kings in the USA…
Technorati tags: multi-tasking, attention, continuous partial attention,
Using your Core Values for Rapid Stress Management
“The cyclone derives its powers from a calm center. So does a person.” — Norman Vincent Peale (American Cleric, Writer and Self-Help Expert, 1898-1993)
As a professional speaker, I often forget that glossophobia – fear of public speaking – is the most common phobia in America today. I have a whole toolkit of techniques that I use for helping people with this problem, but I am always interested in new methods that can work quickly.
A study of 80 UCLA undergraduates published in the journal Psychological Science suggests that taking a few minutes to contemplate your personal values (Click here to take an online assessment of your personal values) in the moments before a tense situation, like making a speech, an examination or a visit to the dentist, can keep stress levels low.
People in the study who affirmed their values before delivering a speech had significantly lower levels of one of the stress hormones – cortisol – than did the control group, and psychological measures also indicated that they were less stressed.
“People can’t live with change if there’s not a changeless core inside them. The key to the ability to change is a changeless sense of who you are, what you are about and what you value.” –Steven R. Covey (American Author and Businessman, 1932-)
Reaffirming your core values is one of the keys to the development of resilience, and that is what was happening in this study. For anyone who is interested in dealing with fear of public speaking or in developing personal resilience, we shall be putting new articles on my website in the next few days.
“Remain calm, serene, always in command of yourself. You will then find out how easy it is to get along.” –Paramahansa Yogananda (Indian Spiritual Teacher and, in 1920, Founder of the Self-Realization Fellowship, 1893-1952)
Technorati tags: stress, stress management, core values
Sun Bed Addiction
One of the most pernicious claims of some purveyors of medical misinformation is that there is no connection between exposure to sunlight and skin cancer.
I just saw that repeated by someone on an infomercial promoting his latest book. The person speaking was a marketer with, I understand, no scientific or medical training. The fact is that exposure to ultraviolet light has been shown to damage DNA in cells grown in culture in the laboratory, and the pattern of damage is exactly what we predict would cause cells to become malignant.
There are protocols for transforming normal cells into malignant ones using ultraviolet light alone. We also know from epidemiological studies that exposure to sunlight is linked to the development of skin cancer. The best predictors are both the number of hours exposed, and the number of times that the skin has been burned. Despite this information, there was a 300 percent increase in the number of indoor tanners in the United States between 1986 and 1996.
So why do people continue to use sun beds? Apart from vanity, there is now increasing evidence of another factor. Earlier this year investigators from the University of Minnesota published a study suggesting that the over-use of indoor tanning by adolescents could be addictive. The age at initiation of usage, the frequency of use and the relationship between use and difficulty in quitting indoor tanning are consistent with other potentially addictive behaviors taken up during adolescence.
Now a team from Wake Forest University in North Carolina has published a small study in which they showed that in four of eight frequent tanners, giving them the opioid antagonist naltrexone caused them to experience symptoms very much like those that we associate with drug withdrawal. I recently came across a case of a young person who was tanning obsessively, at least once a day. It turned out that she also had a substance abuse problem. Though this study is small and preliminary, it certainly seems to fit with clinical observations.
We already knew that ultraviolet light can elevate mood: it has been known for many years that in people with bipolar disorder, they are more likely to become manic as the days become longer and they are exposed to more sunlight. There is also some evidence that ultraviolet light may elevate testosterone levels, which is one of many possible reasons why some people report increased libido while vacationing at the beach. (I feel sure, gentle reader, that you can come up with a long list of other reasons for that observation…)
Technorati tags: utltraviolet light, sun bed, mood
Testing for Telepathy
“By means of thought, we are able to obtain all the elements we need from the universe and to reach all the beings we want to contact. Yes, through the law of affinity, thought takes charge of seeking out these elements or these beings. Even if the person you have in mind is on the other side of the world, out of the six billion people on earth, your thought will go directly to him or her and to no one else, as if it had been magnetized to make contact with precisely this person. So from now on, when you want to acquire an element from the universe or to contact someone, think about this element or this person without concern for their whereabouts. Provided your thought is intense, it will go straight to its target.”
–Omraam Mikhaël Aïvanhov (Bulgarian Spiritual Master, 1900-1986)
Of all the subjects that I’ve discussed, one of the most difficult is telepathy. It is difficult not because of a lack of empirical data, but because it is such a polarizing topic. Some people believe in it, and others claim it is impossible, that any research that says otherwise must be wrong and if you believe in it, you will believe in anything. Yet it is an important subject, and the research data keep on coming.
The English biologist and writer Rupert Sheldrake has just published a study in a well known and peer reviewed journal. Perceptual and Motor Skills is a journal with a reputation to protect, so you can be sure that this study was scrutinized particularly carefully. This study investigated possible telepathic communication in connection with emails. In the study there were four potential email senders, and for each trial one of them was selected at random, and there were 50 email receivers, who had to guess who was going to send them an email one minute before it was sent. Further experiments were done with a small number of people who were videotaped continuously. All the experiments generated results that were significantly above chance.
What this means is that we have another piece of evidence to add to the overall body of knowledge about telepathic interactions between people and animals.
Part of the difficulty about telepathy is in understanding how it could happen. When people are in close physical proximity they can pick up on subtle physical cues like body language and dilation of the pupils. I am also persuaded by the data from the HeartMath Institute, indicating that the electrical field generated by the heart can be detected by other people at a range of several feet, and that it can lead to entrainment of the electrical rhythms two people’s brains. But the email experiment is important because none of these factors come into play. My own take on this is that we are all constantly and inextricably interlinked with one another. Most of the time we don’t notice it because of the constant chatter of the mind and the efforts of the ego to protect our individuality. But under certain circumstances – shock, meditation, deep relaxation, sex, and near-death experiences – the walls come tumbling down and we experience our connection for what it truly is. And then we see the non-dual reality of the world.
The other point is this: I have made the point that the Laws of Healing have been gradually changing and evolving over the last century, and our individual and cultural consciousness is evolving and adapting. Because of that, more and more people are having first-hand experience of the interconnected web of life.
“The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together . . .” {All’s Well that Ends Well, Act IV, Sc. Iii} –William Shakespeare English Poet and Dramatist, 1564-1616
Technorati tags: Intuition, Rupert Sheldrake, Telepathy Omraam Mikhaël Aïvanhov
